With an area of up to 2 square metres and weighing up to 20 kg, the skin is not only our largest organ by far, it is also probably the most versatile. It is our protective shield against harmful external influences, it lets us experience touch, pain and temperature, helps to regulate the body temperature and much more. Reasons enough to look after it well – with healthy skin care for every day.
The skin – layer by layer
Our skin is divided into layers from the outside in: first the surface, which is covered in fat and moisture, then the horny layer, which consists of dead cells from the epidermis underneath, then the dermis and finally the subcutaneous fatty tissue.
The Skin Surface
Our skin is covered with a hydrolipidic film of sweat and sebum that keeps it smooth and supple. With its slightly acidic pH value, it forms our outermost protective barrier and is part of the skin’s protective layer.
The stratum corneum (horny layer)
It consists of dead skin cells that are held together by lipids. The horny layer protects us against dehydration and harmful environmental influences. Like the hydrolipidic film, its pH is slightly acidic.
The epidermis
It constantly supplies the horny layer with new cells. Above all, however, the epidermis is the outermost line of defence of our immune system, provides us with natural sun protection through the melanin in its pigment cells and contains highly sensitive sensory cells for experiencing touch and detecting heat or cold.
The dermis
Our sweat and sebaceous glands are located in the dermis, as are the hair roots. It is densely permeated with tiny blood vessels to ensure the nourishment and oxygen supply of the entire skin. Its connective tissue structure also ensures firmness and elasticity.
The subcutis (subcutaneous fat)
It contains sensory cells for strong pressure stimuli as well as the larger blood vessels and nerves that supply the upper layers of the skin. As a valuable energy storage organ and protection against impact and cold, the subcutaneous fat is part of the skin barrier.
